Overview

200,000+

people are living with ALS around the world

4,000

Canadians are currently living with ALS

1,000

Canadians are diagnosed with ALS each year

80%

of people with ALS die within two to three years of diagnosis

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (also know as ALS, Lou Gehrig’s disease, or motor neuron disease) is a disease that progressively paralyzes people.

This occurs because the brain is no longer able to communicate with the muscles of the body that we are typically able to move at will. Over time, as the muscles of the body break down, someone living with ALS will lose the ability to walk, talk, eat, swallow, and eventually breathe.

Symptoms

Symptoms and signs of ALS, and the order in which they occur, vary from one person to another and may seem trivial or be dismissed as normal signs of aging. It is important to note that not everyone will experience all of the signs and symptoms listed below.

Potential signs and symptoms

  • Tripping
  • Dropping things
  • Slurred or “thick” speech
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Weight loss
  • Decreased muscle tone
  • Shortness of breath
  • Increased or decreased reflexes
  • Uncontrollable periods of laughing or crying
  • Feeling weak
  • Fatigue
  • Muscle cramping or twitching
  • Muscle stiffness or rigidity
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Coughing when eating or drinking
  • Difficulty forming words or projecting voice
  • Fatigue caused by muscle exhaustion
  • Reduced food intake and weight loss
  • Insomnia
  • Excessive saliva or dry mouth

The senses of sight, touch, hearing, taste and smell are usually not affected, and for many people, muscles that control the eyes, bladder and sexual function remain functional.

  • Feeling weak
  • Fatigue
  • Muscle cramping or twitching
  • Muscle stiffness or rigidity
  • Tripping
  • Dropping things
  • Slurred or “thick” speech
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Weight loss
  • Decrease muscle tone
  • Shortness of breath
  • Increased or decreased reflexes
  • Uncontrollable periods of laughing or crying

Diagnosis

A neurologist will typically diagnose ALS through a process of reviewing symptoms and eliminating other possible diseases.

Any or all of these tests may be used to help diagnose ALS

  • Blood and urine studies
  • Electrodiagnostic tests (EMG & NCV)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
  • Muscle and nerve function tests
  • Blood and urine studies
  • Electrodiagnostic tests (EMG & NCV)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
  • Muscle and nerve function tests

Treatments

Although there is no cure for ALS, there are treatments available that can help manage ALS-related symptoms, as well as ongoing clinical trials across Canada.

Resources

ALS Canada offers education, support, and practical tools to help with the challenges of living with ALS.